What is a Month ?
A month can be defined as a unit of time, used in calendars, which is 28,29, 30 or 31 days long. Months are an important method of measuring time. such as century, year, month, day. As you all know that there are 12 months in a year. And there are 4 to 5 weeks in a month.
(i) There are 12 months, namely –
January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December.
(ii) There are 30 or 31 days in a month. Let us tell you that only February has 28 days. There are 29 days in the month of February after every four years. This year is called a "leap year" and the 29th day of February is a "leap day".
(iii) The year begins with the month of January, in the same way, December is the last month of the year. And after that the new year starts, again the year starts from the month of January.
(iv) The moon takes about a month to complete one revolution around the Earth.
Month Name Chart
What is Leap Year ?
Every fourth year, the month of February has 29 days instead of 28. This year is called a "leap year" and the 29th day of February is a "leap day". In the Gregorian Calendar one year is not equal to 365 days.There are 365.242375 days in a year, which means that we need to add 1 extra day once every 4 years, and a year with 1 extra day is known as a leap year. This day is what gets added to February thereby giving 29 days in that month when it is done.A leap year has 366 days instead of the usual 365. Most years that can be cleanly divided by four are leap years. 2016, 2020 and 2024, for example, are leap years.
What is a Calendar ?
A calendar is a system that is used to organize and keep track of time, typically based on the movements of celestial bodies such as the sun, moon, and stars. It divides time into specific units, such as days, weeks, months, and years, and provides a way to mark and record important events and holidays.
Different cultures and societies have developed their own calendars throughout history, with some based on lunar cycles, some based on solar cycles, and others based on a combination of both. The most widely used calendar system today is the Gregorian calendar, which is a solar-based calendar introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 and is used by most countries around the world.
How do different calendars work?
Different calendars work in various ways depending on the culture, religion, or society that uses them. Here are some examples of different calendar systems:
● Solar Calendar: A solar calendar is based on the position of the sun relative to the earth, and it typically consists of 365 or 366 days. The Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar.
● Lunar Calendar: A lunar calendar is based on the cycles of the moon, with each month typically consisting of 29 or 30 days. The Islamic calendar is an example of a lunar calendar.
● Lunisolar Calendar: A lunisolar calendar is based on both the cycles of the moon and the position of the sun relative to the earth. It typically has 12 or 13 months and is used in many cultures, including the Chinese and Hebrew calendars.
● Hindu Calendar: The Hindu calendar is a lunisolar calendar with 12 lunar months and 365 solar days. It is used in India and other parts of South Asia.
● Julian Calendar: The Julian calendar was introduced by Julius Caesar in 45 BCE and was based on the length of the solar year, consisting of 365.25 days.
● Mayan Calendar: The Mayan calendar is a complex system of calendars used by the ancient Mayan civilization. It is based on astronomical observations and consists of several different calendar cycles.
Each calendar system has its own unique features, such as the number of days in a year, the number of months, and the way that leap years are calculated. These features are often influenced by cultural and religious traditions and can be used to mark important events and festivals throughout the year.
History of the Calendar:-
The ancient Romans started with a 10−months calendar, and Martius "March", Aprilis "April", Maius "May", Junius "June", Quintilis "July", Sextilis "August", September "September", October "October", November "November", December "December", were the original months in the Roman calendar. There were unaccounted 60 days on the calendar.And probably two unnamed months in the dead of winter when not much happened in agriculture. The year began with Martius "March". Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome circa 700 BC, then the months Januarius and Februarius were added at the end of the year to cover those 60 extra days. In 46 B.C. Julius Caesar changed the calendar. The year got divided into 12 months, having 30 or 31 days, except Februarius, which was added at the end with 28 or 29 days.
Uses of Calendar
A calendar is a very important tool because it helps us to update all the dates, days, months and events.. It also helps to know on which day an event has fallen in the previous year or on which day a particular event is coming year.We have several other reasons for which we use a Calendar :
(i) Planning the daily activities.
(ii) Keeping the track of events.
(iii) Remembering the important dates.
(iv) Remembering birthdays and anniversaries.
(v) Remembering important Events and Festivals.
(vi) Managing the daily routine or Schedule.
Number of Days in Months with Image/Chart-
Months name list in Hindi and English with Abbreviation and No. of Days
| S. No | Months Name In English | Months Name In Hindi | Number Of Days | Months Name Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | January | जनवरी | 31 | Jan |
| 2 | February | फ़रवरी | 28 Normal Year Or 29 Leap Year | Feb |
| 3 | March | मार्च | 31 | Mar |
| 4 | April | अप्रैल | 30 | Apr |
| 5 | May | मई | 31 | May |
| 6 | June | जून | 30 | Jun |
| 7 | July | जुलाई | 31 | Jul |
| 8 | August | अगस्त | 31 | Aug |
| 9 | September | सितंबर | 30 | Sep |
| 10 | October | अक्टूबर | 31 | Oct |
| 11 | November | नवंबर | 30 | Nov |
| 12 | December | दिसंबर | 31 | Dec |
History of 12 Months
☛ January (31 Days)
⦿ January is named for the Roman god Janus, protector of gates and doorways. depicted with two faces looking in opposite directions.In ancient Roman times, the gates of the temple of Janus were open in times of war and closed in times of peace.
⦿ January is the first month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 31 days , and the first day of this month is celebrated as New Year’s Day all over the world. 26th January is celebrated in India as Republic Day. Similarly, 23rd January in India marks the birthday of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
☛ February (28 Days Normal Year Or 29 Days Leap Year)
⦿ February comes from the Latin word “’februare” which means “to purify”. Some believe that February is a festival of purification and atonement that took place during this period.
⦿ February is the second month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. February has 28 or 29 days depending upon whether it’s a leap year. If it’s a leap year, February has 29 days, and if it’s not a leap year, it has 28 days. 14th February is celebrated all around the world as Valentine’s Day.
☛ March (31 Days)
⦿ March is named for the Roman god of war, Mars. Romans believed that the good weather in March was a great time to resume their battles with enemy kingdoms.
⦿ March is the third month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 31 days and marks the beginning of the spring season. The Festival of Colours, commonly known as Holi, is celebrated in the month of March.
☛ April (30 Days)
⦿ April comes from the Latin word ‘aperire’ which means ‘to open (bud),’ as flowers do in spring. because plants begin to grow this month. In essence, this month was viewed as spring’s renewal.
⦿ April is the fourth month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 30 days. Festivals like Baisakhi, Easter, and Good Friday are celebrated in this month.
☛ May (31 Days)
⦿ May is named for the Roman Goddess Maia, who oversaw the growth of plants. And Maia was considered a nurturer and an earth goddess, which may explain the connection with this springtime month.
⦿ May is the fifth month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 31 days. 1st May is celebrated as May Day, and many countries offer public holidays on this day.
☛ June (30 Days)
⦿ June is named for the Roman Goddess Juno, She is the goddess of marriage and the well-being of women. In ancient Rome, the start of summer was a time to get married! A part of the Northern hemisphere, the days start getting longer around the middle of the year in Rome and a lot of celebrations, including marriages, were planned around this time.
⦿ June is the sixth month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. This month has 30 days. In India, the monsoon season begins in June. Rainfall in southern India is particularly heavy in the northeastern and coastal regions. Moderate rainfall is also experienced in the northern regions.
☛ July (31 Days)
⦿ July is Named to honor Roman dictator Julius Caesar after his death. In 46 B.C. Julius Caesar developed the Julian calendar, the precursor to the Gregorian calendar we use today. He renamed this month after himself.
⦿ July is the seventh month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 31 days. The monsoon season starts in early July.
☛ August (31 Days)
⦿ August is named after the Roman Emperor Augustus Caesar, Julius Caesar’s nephew. Considered to be one of the greatest emperors of Rome, Augustus Caesar was immortalised with the naming of the month. The name ‘Augustus’ also means ‘respected’ or ‘impressive’.
⦿ August is the eighth month of the Gregorian and Julian calendars. This month has 31 days. India celebrates Independence Day on August 15. The month of August has a temperature that is the warmest and humid weather, yet it can rain quite a bit. So the sky will likely be mostly cloudy.
☛ September (30 Days)
⦿ September comes from the Latin word septem, meaning “seven,” because it was the seventh month of the early Roman calendar.
⦿ September is the ninth month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 30 days. and is the final month of the monsoon season, which begins in mid-June. Rainfall can be light or heavy, but only in brief bursts. Overall, September in India is drier and sunnier than July and August. 5th September is celebrated as Teacher’s Day in India.
☛ October (31 Days)
⦿ October's name comes from octo, the Latin word for “eight.” October was the name of the eighth month of the year in the ancient Roman calendar.
⦿ October is the tenth month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 31 days. 5th October is celebrated as World Teacher’s Day. It can occasionally rain and get warm in October. In India, the monsoon season ends in October, and warm, sunny weather returns.
☛ November (30 Days)
⦿ November’s name comes from novem, the Latin word for “nine,” November was the name of the ninth month of the year in the ancient Roman calendar.
⦿ November is the eleventh month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 30 days. As temperatures start to cool and the monsoon season officially ends in November, most of India begins its tourist season.14th November is celebrated as Children’s Day in India.
☛ December (31 Days)
⦿ December’s name comes from decem, the Latin word for “ten,” November was the name of the tenth month of the year in the ancient Roman calendar.
⦿ December is the twelfth and the last month of the Georgian and Julian calendars. This month has 31 days. December weather in India may be quite chilly, especially in the northern Himalayas. 25th December is celebrated as Christmas all over the world.
How to calculate the leap year ?
A leap year has 366 days (the extra day is the 29th of February), Because, there are 365.242375 days in a year, which means that we need to add 1 extra day once every 4 years, and a year with 1 extra day is known as a leap year. For easy calculation you add 4 years to a leap year and you get the next leap year but this is not true when you consider longer periods.
Here is a simple way to calculate leap years:
⦿ If the year is evenly divisible by 4 then, but if the year is divisible by four and not evenly divisible by 100 you still have a leap year.
⦿ If the year is evenly divisible by 400.
⦿ But if the year is evenly divisible by four, evenly divisible by 100 and not divisible by 400 it is not a leap year.
Easy way to remember the days in a month by Knuckle mnemonic trick
Some of you may already know this little trick. It is a very effective way to find out the number of months in a year. It is sometimes called the Knuckle mnemonic as we use it. There are two methods in Knuckle mnemonics.
